Cone pulleys

Surfaces with pulleys and Khovanov homology

Palmar and digital flexor tendon pulleys.

Retinacular structures, called pulleys, maintain the flexor tendons of the hand in constant relationship to the joint axes and promote economy and efficiency in finger flexion. This system is composed of the transverse carpal ligament, the palmar aponeurosis pulley, and the digital flexor pulley system. Of these three components, the digital pulleys are the most critical to finger flexion. In t...

Functional Anatomy of the Extraocular Muscle Pulleys

2. Which statement concerning the rectus extraocular muscle pulleys is correct? a. The rectus pulleys are composed of rings of cartilage. b. The rectus pulleys are rigidly attached to the walls of the orbit. c. Each rectus pulley receives an insertion from the global layer fibers of its rectus extraocular muscle. d. The global layer fibers of the extraocular muscles do not insert on the pulleys...

Location and Stability of Rectus Muscle Pulleys

Results. Data for 10 orbits of six normal subjects established the normal paths of the rectus extraocular muscles in primary gaze. Muscle paths in primary position were highly uniform across normal subjects. In secondary gaze positions, rectus muscle paths at the level of the pulleys exhibited small but consistent shifts, relative to the orbit, opposite the direction of gaze, consistent with th...

Evidence for rectus extraocular muscle pulleys in rodents.

PURPOSE Extraocular rectus muscle (EOM) pulleys are important determinants of orbital biomechanics in humans. In this study, the authors evaluated orbital connective tissue morphology, specifically characterizing rectus muscle pulleys, in the rat, a species with laterally placed eyes, afoveate vision, and a less complex visuomotor repertoire than primates. METHODS Adult rat orbits were paraff...